Optical passive devices offer several advantages over active devices:

· Reliability: Passive devices have no moving parts or electronic components, making them inherently more reliable and less prone to failure.

· Low maintenance: As they do not require external power or maintenance, passive devices reduce operational costs and downtime.

· High bandwidth: Passive devices can handle a wide range of wavelengths and data rates, making them suitable for high-speed optical communication systems.

· Scalability: Passive devices can be easily integrated into existing optical networks and scaled to accommodate growing bandwidth demands.

· Environmental robustness: Passive devices are generally more resistant to environmental factors such as temperature fluctuations and vibration.

· Security: Passive devices do not introduce additional points of vulnerability in a network, making them more secure.